Parts of Computer (Input, Process, Output, Storage, Peripheral)

We can categorized the parts of computer as follow: Input Devices Processor Output Device Storage Device Peripheral Devices Some parts of co...

We can categorized the parts of computer as follow:

Input Devices
Processor
Output Device
Storage Device
Peripheral Devices

Some parts of computer can be considered as major parts which performs primary function of computer and some parts does not contribute to the computer's primary function, such as computing but it helps end users access and use the functionalities of a computer.

What is Input Device ?

Input devices are hardware components that allow users to input data or commands into a computer or other electronic device. Input is the raw information entered into a computer from the input devices. It is the collection of letters, numbers, images etc. Input devices can come in many forms. Every device serves a unique purpose and is designed to collect and transmit specific types of data to a computer or other electronic device.

Processor – Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The main unit inside the computer is the CPU. It is responsible for all events inside the computer. It controls all internal and external devices, performs arithmetic and logic operations. The CPU is the device that interprets and executes instructions.

The speed and efficiency of the CPU are measured in clock speed, which is the number of instructions the CPU can execute in a given time period, typically measured in gigahertz (GHz). The performance of the CPU can also be influenced by the number of cores it has, with multiple cores allowing it to perform multiple tasks simultaneously.

In summary, the CPU is the primary component of a computer responsible for processing instructions and performing calculations, making it a critical component in the functioning of a computer.

Types of CPU:

Processor – Central Processing Unit (CPU)

What is Output Devices ?

An output device is a hardware that provide data or information processed by a computer or electronic device. It plays a critical role in presenting the results of a computer's processing to a user in a perceivable form, making them an essential component of any electronic device.

What is Storage Devices ?

A storage device is a piece of hardware that is used to store digital data, such as documents, photos, videos, and music. It can be an internal component of a computer or an external device that connects to a computer. Storage devices vary in terms of capacity, speed, durability, and cost. Choosing the right storage device depends on your specific needs, such as the amount of data you need to store, how frequently you access it, and your budget.

Memory in a computer can be categorized into different types based on various factors such as access time, storage capacity, volatility, and purpose. Here are some common ways memory is categorized:

Primary Memory: This includes RAM (Random Access Memory) and Cache Memory, which are directly accessible to the CPU and used to temporarily store data that the computer is currently working with.

Secondary Memory: This includes Hard Disk Drives (HDD), Solid-State Drives (SSD), and other non-volatile memory devices such as Flash Memory, which are used to store data that is not immediately needed by the CPU and is not directly accessible to the CPU.

Volatile Memory: This includes RAM and Cache Memory, which lose their data when power is turned off or lost.

Non-Volatile Memory: This includes ROM (Read-Only Memory), Flash Memory, and other types of non-volatile memory devices, which retain their data even when power is turned off.

Read-Only Memory (ROM): This is a type of non-volatile memory used to store data that cannot be changed or erased.

Virtual Memory: This is a technique used by the computer to temporarily use a portion of the hard drive as if it were RAM.

Other types of memory: This includes various types of memory devices used for specific purposes, such as EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) used for firmware, and registers used for storing data used by the CPU.

What is Peripheral devices ?

Peripheral devices are hardware devices that are connected to a computer or other digital device to expand its functionality. They are not essential for the computer to function, but they can make it more user-friendly and productive. Peripheral devices can be an important part of a computer system, and they can help users to be more productive and creative. When choosing peripheral devices, it is important to consider the needs of the user and the type of computer being used.